Sugars and the origins of the modern world

This chapter is about the origin of sugar and how it was traded. Sugar was first used in China but it was only with the Muslim expansion after seventh century where it became so important and vital part of food. Sugar was considered as a luxury goods in the markets of Western Asai and Europe. The plantation of first sugar was near the Persian Gulf and on Mediterranean islands such as Cyprus and Sicily. Columbus brought sugar cane to Hispaniola on his second voyage but there were shortage of manual labors so production was little. Sugar plantation needs hard labor throughout the year and also sugar grow in hot areas, the workers must adapt the temperature as well. So, Portuguese used enslaved African labor in which they had begun to trade in late 1400s. The most growth of sugar production in the New world was around sixteenth through eighteenth centuries as the demand for sugar was so high during that period of time.
          Around late eighteenth century, sugar consumption spread to the lower classes people and uses of sugar in beverages and other drinks were common. The plantation of sugar was difficult at the time as they lacks modern technology. Sugar was also the cutting edge of economic system. In some part of the world, people largely depend on sugar plantation for their livelihood.